The relationship between periodontitis (gum inflammation) and diabetes is one of the most well-studied and understood in medicine. Diabetes is a risk factor for the development and worsening of periodontitis, which is why it is considered the sixth complication of diabetes.
Diabetes affects the gums in the same way as other complications such as heart disease, kidney disease, nerve problems, and eye problems. All of these problems are caused by damaged blood vessels and inflammation. In diabetes, the immune system responds more aggressively to infections in the gums, leading to hyperinflammation. This inflammation destroys gum tissue.
Hyperinflammation also worsens blood sugar control in people with diabetes. Poor blood sugar control causes chronic diabetes complications, creating a vicious cycle: gum inflammation worsens sugar control, and high sugar levels worsen gum inflammation.
There is even a possibility that periodontitis may contribute to the development of new cases of diabetes, since inflammation affects insulin resistance, which increases blood sugar levels.
This relationship highlights the need to prevent and treat both diabetes and gum problems. Research shows that dental clinics can detect undiagnosed cases of diabetes, and improved oral hygiene can reduce the risk of developing diabetes. Also, additional attention to oral health improves the quality of life of patients with diabetes.
The European brand GUM produces a wide range of products for comprehensive oral care.
Read more about the connection between periodontitis and diabetes here